Interesting that it can pass into the bloodstream. Everything I've seen so far indicated that it did not (and there were a few that showed positive effects in microbiome populations). I'd thought that our inability to absorb it is what protected our livers from reacting the way that other mammals do. Time to re-evaluate, I guess...

BTW, I'd love to read their methods section; the (publicly available) abstract indicates that there's a link between xylitol ingested and platelet reactivity. They showed this in vitro and in murine studies, neither of which interposes the human gut between xylitol and platelets. When I find I've been wrong about something I like to be able to read the entire study... :-)