I’m pretty sure it‘s a reference to disputing a credit card charge. If the CC company agrees with you, they will charge the vendor, refund your money.

If it happens a lot with a particular vendor, this can cause problems for that vendor. Short of being fired as a customer, they may find they’re no longer in a ‘preferred vendor’ class, and so have to pay closer to what that CC charges all other merchants. Either way, it costs the vendor $$$ — and corporations are sensitive to that.

I’m pretty sure the poster you’re responding to was wondering if going though this process might re-open the review period, or at least get the AirBnB folks to be a little more clear about whatever issue there might have been, and to consider any additional input the customer might have.